Day 4

实战演练

The condition of scholarship devoted to the history of women in photography is confounding.Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that ofApioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures—Marion Palfi, whose photographs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one—received scant attention from scholars.And, while Naomi Rosenblum's synoptic History of Women Photographers covers the subject through 1920 inAgenerally useful fashion, once she reaches the 1920s, when the venues, forms, applications, and movements of the medium expanded exponentially, she resorts to an increasingly terse listing of unfamiliars, with approaches and careers summarized inAsentence or two.

——GRE OG 2nd Edition, Practice Test 1, Verbal Reasoning, Section 3

Which of the following statements about Marion Palfiis supported by the passage?

A.Marion Palfi's photographs would have received greater recognition from historians had her work been done in an era when most aspects of photography were static rather than inAstate of transition.

B.Alice Austen has achieved greater notoriety than has Marion Palfiprimarily because the subjects that Austen photographed were more familiar to her contemporaries.

C.In addition to providingArecord of certain historical events, Marion Palfi's photographs playedArole in subsequent events.

答案：C

答案解析

题目问以下哪一个关于“Marion Palfi”的描述能够被文章支持。文中关于“Marion Palfi”的描述是第二句第一个破折号后面的句子“Marion Palfi关于南部民权运动的照片堪称对保护性法律需求的早期证据，却没有从学者那受到太多的关注”，正确选项应该从这句话推出。

选项A“如果Marion Palfi的作品处于一个摄影的多数方面是静态的时代，而不是一个转型时期的时代，她的作品将从历史学家那里获得更多的认可”不正确，文中并没有提到Marion Palfi为什么没有得到学者太多关注的原因。

选项B“Alice Austen获得了比Marion更大的名声主要是因为她拍摄的题材都是同代人所熟悉的主题”，文中并没有提及Alice Austen获得更大名声的原因；

选项C“除了提供历史事件的记录以外，Marion Palfi的照片在后续的事件中起到了重要的作用”正确，文中提到Marion Palfi关于南部民权运动的照片堪称制定保护性法律必要性的早期证据，也意味着这些作品对后来产生了影响。

英文重现

The condition of scholarship devoted to the histo r y of women in photography is confounding.Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that ofApioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures—Marion Palfi, whose photog r aphs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one—received scant attention from scholars.

解析

1.“devoted to the history of women in photography”是过去分词短语作定语修饰“scholarship”，相当于定语从句“which is devoted to t h e history of women in photography”。

2.“inflation ofAinto B”意思是“从A膨胀成（变成了）B”，此处A的内容是“the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen”，B的内容是“that ofApioneering documentarian”（“that”指代“the role”）。

3.“while”在此是一个表示转折的连词，将“Alice Austen在死后从一个业余爱好者夸张成了一个先驱型纪录片摄影师”和“几十个著名的资深人物却没有从学者那受到太多的关注”进行对比。

4.遇到两个破折号中间的内容，我们在阅读的时候，可以先跳过不读，因为两个破折号之间通常都是一个解释性的插入部分，这部分的内容省去后，一般也不会影响句子主体。所以，我们在读句子的时候可以把“while dozens of notable senior figures received scant attention from scholars”连在一起，这样句子的结构更清晰一些。

5.之后我们再来看插入部分“Marion Palfi, whose…to name one”，该部分是对前面的“dozens of notable senior figures”举的一个例子（to name one），举的例子就是“Marion Palfi”这个人，而后面的“whose”引导的非限定性定语从句是为了修饰“Marion Palfi”。“whose”是关系代词“who”的所有格形式，引导定语从句时在从句中作定语，表示“……的……”；“whose”通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。

词义辨析

参考翻译

在女性摄影史方面的学术投入的现状很令人困惑。近些年见证了Alice Austen在死后从一个业余爱好者夸张成了一个先驱型纪录片摄影师，而几十个著名的资深人物——举个例子，Marion Palfi，她关于南部民权运动的照片堪称制定保护性法律必要性的早期证据——却没有得到学者太多的关注。