![机械设计手册:单行本·轴承(第六版)](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/643/29976643/b_29976643.jpg)
4.4 典型轴承的性能曲线及计算示例
(1)径向轴承的示意图与几何关系(表8-1-106)
表8-1-106 径向轴承的示意图与几何关系
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124001.jpg?sign=1739305380-yQEQEfOYhrin9pEt1buxmXxtayFrhGtn-0-631886cf2e3eb14e3250c69d9c5ec968)
(2)无限宽径向轴承性能计算(表8-1-107)
表8-1-107 无限宽径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D>2的轴承近似看作无限宽轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124002.jpg?sign=1739305380-cqLn3fXvH0gZwiC3ELRZq7Egm1vm9SCL-0-ef2a7d841564d48a0f460087417b8588)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125001.jpg?sign=1739305380-ZR6bmUEdRB2oPvvXcGnBFiCkProBcWyr-0-b098f6d49edf9aea7308e5800c0527fe)
(3)无限窄径向轴承性能计算
表8-1-108 无限窄径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D<0.4的轴承近似地看作无限窄轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125002.jpg?sign=1739305380-LUAsgPOHe1jtzPFoTKKmEafzbBZSnVb5-0-4a032dc812179ad91ed9cacfdbdb4f88)
注:z为轴承宽度方向的坐标,原点取在轴承宽度的中点。
(4)单油楔径向轴承的性能计算
例1 设计汽轮机转子的液体动压润滑轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min,轴承为自动调心式,在水平中分面两侧供油,进油温度控制在40℃左右。
例题计算过程可按图8-1-18框图进行。计算结果见表8-1-109,方案1温升过高,应采用方案2。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00126002.jpg?sign=1739305380-bui3fUeNrkVQGcEp6g16fHH0Ctbm9B8b-0-9c58864bcb4d7b4f31d89c1f04e07260)
图8-1-18 计算框图
表8-1-109 单油楔径向轴承性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00127001.jpg?sign=1739305380-MmGaHcWBNdCAvf58zGIi7WprdcVdLGAX-0-2dcc7903c6f9201a8205b9ef64c6491b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128001.jpg?sign=1739305380-AHqRGzTnfhdMNNzQuhxYM2CRNcjSHIp1-0-0c371237c7759f6abfc7aea1ad600826)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128002.jpg?sign=1739305380-5qQ8LgX3KM2m03PbHZjsFjlsFaBbGftm-0-c5b9656a25ef061a2fcc81025f229c21)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00129001.jpg?sign=1739305380-IuGhGFjlDCyFnhjJxWwwwYuuQAwdIi5D-0-f1aa04d51cfdad1adb0316eb6b1d6efa)
图8-1-19 Cp-ε(实线)、Cμ-ε(虚线)关系曲线
(5)多油楔液体动压径向轴承
1)椭圆轴承的性能计算
例2 设计汽轮机转子的椭圆轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min;在水平中分面两侧供油,供油压力ps=10N/cm2,进油温度为40℃。
设计过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-110。
表8-1-110 椭圆轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00130001.jpg?sign=1739305380-CgLjqIRMDRMMjI12ZnkVQEdJhQOhwcHC-0-9f07b1e4c7bd6a8d91410d615c15e465)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131001.jpg?sign=1739305380-wzD16J0QEpTC18VcCubZaWv8Tn4gRU5k-0-5fa27d6c653df309cfb9149e51d8de04)
图8-1-20
εi—两偏心率中的大者;—流量系数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131003.jpg?sign=1739305380-EWaGFsALe9MOLD1ReKYsG8IkHwxgflb5-0-803bf16fcad929bf9932d7c948796383)
图8-1-21 椭圆轴承的流量系数和功耗系数kN
2)可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
例3 计算一鼓风机的五瓦可倾瓦径向轴承。已知:轴颈直径D=80mm,转速n=11500r/mim,宽径比B/D=0.4,间隙比ψ=0.002;转子重量F=1250N。进油温度希望在40℃左右,瓦的布置如图8-1-22所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131005.jpg?sign=1739305380-hITILHUbpk255sctSwRV96aMwvXw6jWc-0-c0c9cebb1e5d87d396b2ef530984c55d)
图8-1-22 例3可倾瓦径向轴承的布置
设计计算过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-111。
表8-1-111 可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131006.jpg?sign=1739305380-GPOob115FFYVeWfHtutYa0HqFnYy37on-0-d26a27cb207eb78ae27c77550307c0ce)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00132001.jpg?sign=1739305380-J5PhEjnurkxjMcudRLKHZ133xXHvDO3m-0-bfb4ab6e8eac26daec6c01bc47c606fe)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133001.jpg?sign=1739305380-1dg218mSri7qY3YgnCHpfSdg83cxJYMj-0-dc7c222daebae14ba467f9a7be9cb096)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133002.jpg?sign=1739305380-fGTI0XZoTgT51ZV923Npc6tD1IY1GHCJ-0-d973fcc4e20d13a6679bd42b1d61e22d)
图8-1-23 可倾瓦径向轴承的特征系数和支点位置
kF—载荷系数;kN—功耗系数;kt—温升系数;kQ—流量系数;kh—最小油膜厚度系数;B—瓦的宽度
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133003.jpg?sign=1739305380-iXJ6xFMs76WjgRhkYgNidlQFs3RwjLpU-0-c4cc516f825182c94ad78ba202fea32f)
图8-1-24 可倾瓦径向轴承的偏心率ε、系数[khh2min/c]、[Δtkkt/pm]与承载特性系数Cp的关系曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00134001.jpg?sign=1739305380-2f2hiWJzMSBBA8TmZYx3zqcT5XQj3NlH-0-e967d873c03d7dcbcfd10311b7f49049)
图8-1-25 可倾瓦径向轴承的系数、[Fmax/F]与承载系数Cp的关系曲线